Till Uplands
Scenario model
Current ecosystem state
Select a state
Management practices/drivers
Select a transition or restoration pathway
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Transition T1A
Disturbance; invasion of non-native plants
More details -
Transition T1B
Clearing, brush removal, site prep, planting; and weed/brush control.
More details -
Restoration pathway R2A
Brush control; weed control; planting of desired species
More details -
Transition T2A
Tree and brush clearing; site preparation; tillage; seeding; weed control; agricultural management
More details -
Transition T3A
Abandonment; no management inputs
More details -
No transition or restoration pathway between the selected states has been described
Target ecosystem state
Select a state
Description
The reference state for these sites is a mature deciduous forest with a substantial oak component. Species include northern red oak, American beech, sugar maple, white oak, black cherry, white ash, American elm, mockernut hickory, bitternut hickory, tulip poplar, and shagbark hickory. Disturbances such as absence of natural fire regime, selective harvest, clearcutting, grazing, and hydrological modifications will alter the composition of forested sites. Many sites are now predominately sugar maple, tulip poplar, red maple, and ash.
Submodel
Description
This state is characterized by non-native, invasive species that change the ecology and community composition of the site. Numerous species , both native and non-native, may be found. Species composition will depend upon the severity and length of disturbances and the available seed sources.
Submodel
Mechanism
Substantial disturbances and subsequent invasion of non native plants. Multiple species may be involved. Often disturbances such as selective harvest, grazing, and recreational uses introduce invasive species to a site.
Mechanism
Transitioning a site from woodland to agricultural use will require multiple management activities such as tree clearing, brush removal, site prep, planting desired species, and weed/brush control.
Mechanism
Restoration of these sites requires long-term restoration inputs including planting of desired species, timber stand improvement projects, weed control, and brush control.
Mechanism
Transitioning a site from woodland to agricultural use will require multiple management activities such as tree clearing, brush removal, site prep, planting desired species, and weed/brush control.
Mechanism
Abandoned agricultural lands will move through various stages of plant succession starting with herbaceous annuals and perennials. Shrubs and tree saplings will increase. Eventually a ruderal woodland will occur with fast growing species such as maple, ash, poplar and cedar. Non-native plant species may be dominant.
Model keys
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Ecological sites
Major Land Resource Areas
The Ecosystem Dynamics Interpretive Tool is an information system framework developed by the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, and New Mexico State University.