Wet Loamy Flat
Scenario model
Current ecosystem state
Select a state
Management practices/drivers
Select a transition or restoration pathway
- Transition T1A More details
- Transition T1B More details
- Restoration pathway R2A More details
- Transition T2A More details
- Restoration pathway R3B More details
- Restoration pathway R3A More details
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No transition or restoration pathway between the selected states has been described
Target ecosystem state
Select a state
Description
This site occurs in gently sloping areas near the bottom of watersheds where water saturates glacial till deposits for much of the growing season. Soils are poorly-drained with varying textures and parent materials. The water table is seasonally high (within 18 inches of the surface) and typically dries out in late summer and fall. This site is typically drier than Loamy Till Seepage Bottoms (Cedar), is not usually ponded, and does not include a major component of very poorly-drained soils. Black spruce and red spruce are abundant, with larch common and balsam fir occurring in younger patches. Cinnamon fern and other herbs are often abundant in the understory.
Resilience management
This site is dominated by red spruce, sometimes mixed with black spruce, and a sphagnum moss understory. It is often logged, which sets the stand through a series of phases, beginning with herbaceous colonizers, then dense spruce and balsam fir saplings, and eventually to mature spruce-fir forest. Within 100 years, any balsam fir dies out from the overstory, and red spruce once again dominates the site. Blowdowns with subsequent gap regeneration are the most frequent form of natural disturbance, with large-scale fires important at longer return intervals.
Submodel
Description
Shifts in ecological site composition, functionality, and dynamics driven by natural disturbances, processes, and pressures (may have some anthropogenic drivers). More research is needed to determine the extent of the Semi-natural state associated with this ecological site.
Submodel
Mechanism
climate change, hydrological alteration, significant increase in flooding events and annual precipitation, introduction of invasive species, pests, and pathogens
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
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Monitoring and Evaluation |
Mechanism
hydrologic alteration (barrier, obstruction, dam, diversion), landscape alteration, mechanical soil disturbance, landscape alteration, planting, seeding
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
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Cover Crop |
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Land Clearing |
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Precision Land Forming |
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Irrigation Land Leveling |
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Land Smoothing |
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Spoil Spreading |
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Grazing Management Plan |
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Grazing management to improve wildlife habitat |
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Harvest hay in a manner that allows wildlife to flush and escape |
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Monitoring and Evaluation |
Mechanism
remediation of hydrologic alteration, management of invasive species, pests, and pathogens, restoration of key native plant species, restoration of terrestrial and aquatic habitat
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
|---|---|
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Restoration and Management of Rare and Declining Habitats |
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Upland Wildlife Habitat Management |
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Invasive Plant Species Control |
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Pathogen Management |
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Invasive Species Pest Management |
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Restoration and Management of Rare or Declining Habitats |
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Multi-species Native Perennials for Biomass/Wildlife Habitat |
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Habitat Development for Beneficial Insects for Pest Management |
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Biological suppression and other non-chemical techniques to manage brush, weeds and invasive species |
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Biological suppression and other non-chemical techniques to manage herbaceous weeds invasive species |
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Monitoring and Evaluation |
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Herbaceous Weed Control |
Mechanism
hydrologic alteration (barrier, obstruction, dam, diversion), landscape alteration, mechanical soil disturbance, landscape alteration, planting, seeding
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
|---|---|
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Cover Crop |
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Land Clearing |
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Precision Land Forming |
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Irrigation Land Leveling |
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Land Smoothing |
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Spoil Spreading |
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Monitoring and Evaluation |
Mechanism
remediation of hydrologic alteration, seeding, planting, significant flooding events and increase in annual precipitation, compacted soil, establishment of key native plant species
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
|---|---|
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Restoration and Management of Rare and Declining Habitats |
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Upland Wildlife Habitat Management |
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Restoration and Management of Natural Ecosystems |
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Native Plant Community Restoration and Management |
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Monitoring and Evaluation |
Mechanism
remediation of hydrologic alteration, seeding, planting, significant flooding events and increase in annual precipitation, compacted soil, establishment of key native plant species
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
|---|---|
|
Restoration and Management of Rare and Declining Habitats |
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|
Upland Wildlife Habitat Management |
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Restoration and Management of Natural Ecosystems |
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Native Plant Community Restoration and Management |
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Monitoring and Evaluation |
Model keys
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Ecological sites
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The Ecosystem Dynamics Interpretive Tool is an information system framework developed by the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, and New Mexico State University.