Well Drained Outwash
Scenario model
Current ecosystem state
Select a state
Management practices/drivers
Select a transition or restoration pathway
- Transition T1A More details
- Transition T1B More details
- Restoration pathway R2A More details
- Transition T2A More details
- Restoration pathway R3A More details
- Transition T3A More details
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No transition or restoration pathway between the selected states has been described
Target ecosystem state
Select a state
Description
The representative plant communities are varied but consist largely of pines (pitch, white) and oaks (chestnut, black, scarlet, and white), e.g., “Appalachian oak – pine forest” (Edinger et al. 2014, Sperduto and Nichols 2011); “black oak – chestnut oak / huckleberry forest” (Metzler and Barrett 2006); “dry rich oak forest” (Swain and Kearsley 2001); “black oak / hillside blueberry” (Metzler and Barrett 2006,); “black oak – scarlet oak woodland” (Swain and Kearsley 2001), “mixed pine-red oak woodland” (Sperduto and Nichols 2011); “pitch pine – oak woodlands” (Swain and Kearsley 2001, Edinger et al. 2014, Sperduto and Nichols 2011, Enser et al 2011), “white pine - oak forest” (Swain and Kearsley 2001, Enser et al 2011); and red cedar woodlands (Metzler and Barrett 2006, Swain and Kearsley 2001, Enser et al 2011,).
Other plant communities with more open cover include barrens, heathlands and grasslands, e.g., “scrub oak barrens” (Metzler and Barrett 2006, Swain and Kearsley 2001, (bearberry – low bush blueberry barrens” (Metzler and Barrett 2006), “sandplain heathlands” (Swain and Kearsley 2001), “little bluestem – poverty grass grasslands” (Metzler and Barrett 2006), “sandplain grasslands” (Swain and Kearsley 2001), and “inland sandbarrens” (Enser et al 2011).
Submodel
Description
The Semi-natural State would expect plant communities where ecological processes are primarily operating with some land conditioning in the past or present, e.g., managed forests, or plant communities that are an artifact of land management e.g., predominately invasive plants.
Submodel
Mechanism
altered by human- induced Disturbance or Management
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
|---|---|
|
Tree/Shrub Establishment |
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Forest Land Management |
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Forest stand improvement for habitat and soil quality |
Mechanism
Plant removals, plantings, Invasive plant control, successional mgmt., forestry practices
Restoration & Mgmt, Forest Stand Improvement, Early Successional Habitat Development, Upland Wildlife Mgmt, Invasive spp. Control, Plant establishment
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
|---|---|
|
Brush Management |
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Tree/Shrub Establishment |
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Early Successional Habitat Development/Management |
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Forest Stand Improvement |
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Restoration and Management of Natural Ecosystems |
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Native Plant Community Restoration and Management |
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Forest Land Management |
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Invasive Plant Species Control |
Mechanism
Land clearing, cutting
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
|---|---|
|
Brush Management |
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Land Clearing |
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Herbaceous Weed Control |
Mechanism
Plant removals, plantings, Invasive plant control, successional mgmt., forestry practices
Restoration & Mgmt, Forest Stand Improvement, Early Successional Habitat Development, Upland Wildlife Mgmt, Invasive spp. Control, Plant establishment
Relevant conservation practices
| Practice | External resources |
|---|---|
|
Restoration and Management of Natural Ecosystems |
|
|
Native Plant Community Restoration and Management |
Model keys
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Ecological sites
Major Land Resource Areas
The Ecosystem Dynamics Interpretive Tool is an information system framework developed by the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, and New Mexico State University.