Moist Dense Till Uplands

Description

As a result of a long history of human activity, the plant associations listed below, may in reality, reflect the current naturalized, minimally-managed state rather than the historic, pre-European settlement condition. Notice transition pathways are not always designated between some of the communities in the reference state because the differences in vegetation are more controlled by landscape position, rather than disturbances or management, or that the relationships are not understood. In addition, undisclosed successional plant community-types following disturbance may be included as community phases.

The reference plant communities are varied but typically include on a wetland/upland transition:

• Quercus rubra - Betula alleghaniensis / Osmunda cinnamomea Forest
Translated Name: Northern Red Oak - Yellow Birch / Cinnamon Fern Forest
Common Name: Upland/Wetland Transitional Forest (CEGL006000)

• Quercus (alba, rubra, velutina) - Carya spp. / Viburnum acerifolium Forest
Translated Name: (White Oak, Northern Red Oak, Black Oak) / Hickory species / Mapleleaf Viburnum Forest
Common Name: Dry-mesic Oak - Hickory / Viburnum Forest (CEGL006336)


Other plant communities includes:

• Quercus rubra - Acer saccharum / Viburnum acerifolium - Lindera benzoin Forest
Translated Name: Northern Red Oak - Sugar Maple / Mapleleaf Viburnum - Northern Spicebush Forest
Common Name: Red Oak - Transitional Northern Hardwood Forest (CEGL006635)

• Betula alleghaniensis - Acer rubrum - (Tsuga canadensis, Abies balsamea) / Osmunda cinnamomea Swamp Forest
Translated Name: Yellow Birch - Red Maple - (Eastern Hemlock, Balsam Fir) / Cinnamon Fern Swamp Forest
Common Name: Hardwood - Conifer Seepage Forest (CEGL006380)

(Source: NatureServe 2022)

Submodel

Description

The Semi-natural State would expect plant communities where ecological processes are primarily operating with some land conditioning in the past or present, e.g., managed forests, or plant communities that are an artifact of land management e.g., predominately invasive plants.

Submodel

Description

The Cultural State is a completely converted or transformed state, heavily or completely conditioned by land management, e.g., cultivated lands, pasture/haylands, vineyards, and plantations, etc.

Submodel