Very Shallow
Scenario model
Current ecosystem state
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Management practices/drivers
Select a transition or restoration pathway
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Transition T1A
The Reference transitions (1) transitions to the Invaded State (2) by gradual invasion by introduced plant species. This process is facilitated by large populations of feral ungulates that selectively graze the smaller and more palatable native grass species, which reduces their competitiveness and allows invasion by introduced species.
More details -
Restoration pathway R2A
The Invaded State (2) is restored to the Reference State (1) by removal of ungulates and selective elimination of introduced species.
More details -
No transition or restoration pathway between the selected states has been described
Target ecosystem state
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Description
The Reference State (1) has one community phase of medium to tall (to 6.5 feet or 2 meters) grassland. The consensus of most authors indicates that these grasslands are probably the original native vegetation on these soils and that they are not maintained by naturally-caused fires (Amidon et al., 2017; Amidon et al., 2019; Carlisle et al., 2001; Fosberg, 1960; Hunter-Anderson, 2009); Kessler, 2011; Liske-Clark, 2105; Willsey et al., 2019).
This state is highly prone to fire, which is caused by humans. The soils are vulnerable to erosion when vegetation cover is low (Amidon et al., 2017; Amidon et al., 2019; Carlisle et al., 2001; Fosberg, 1960; Kessler, 2011; Liske-Clark, 2105; Willsey et al., 2019).
Submodel
Description
The Invaded State (2) consists of one community phase. Pacific Island silvergrass or swordgrass (Miscanthus floridulus) is the dominant species, but some of the smaller native grasses have been partially displaced by introduced species.
Submodel
Mechanism
The Reference State (1) transitions to the Invaded State (2) by gradual invasion by introduced plant species. This process is facilitated by large populations of feral ungulates that selectively graze the smaller and more palatable native grass species, which reduces their competitiveness and allows invasion by introduced species.
Model keys
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The Ecosystem Dynamics Interpretive Tool is an information system framework developed by the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, and New Mexico State University.