Very Poorly Drained Mucky Clay
Scenario model
Current ecosystem state
Select a state
Management practices/drivers
Select a transition or restoration pathway
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Transition T1A
The Reference State (1) transitions to the Landfilled State (2) by intentional filling of the swamp to produce construction sites.
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Transition T1B
The Reference State (1) transitions to the Invaded State (3) with long-term, severe human disturbance such as land clearing or removal of large amounts of wood. Introduced plant species can invade these sites and maintain themselves for long periods of time.
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Restoration pathway R3A
The Invaded State (3) can be resotred back to the Reference State (1). Mangrove forests have been restored to suitable habitats in many places in the world. Replanting of mangrove trees and control of weedy species are necessary.
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Transition T3A
The Invaded State (3) transitions to the Landfilled State (2) by intentional filling of the swamp to produce construction sites.
More details -
No transition or restoration pathway between the selected states has been described
Target ecosystem state
Select a state
Description
The Reference State (1) consists of two community phases occurring in brackish to saline water at the coast. One phase is dominated by dense stands of mangrove trees (Fosberg, 1960; Marshall et al., 2020; Plentovich et al., 2020; Stemmermann, 1981; Stone, 1970; Wagner and Grether, 1948; Willsey et al., 2019).
Storms or intensive wood harvest that destroy small to large patches of the forest may be recolonized initially by the shrub embrert (Clerodendrum inerme) and golden leatherfern (Acrostichum aureum) before transitioning back to mangrove forest (Fosberg, 1960; Marshall et al., 2020; Plentovich et al., 2020; Stemmermann, 1981; Stone, 1970; Wagner and Grether, 1948; Willsey et al., 2019).
Submodel
Description
The Landfilled State (2) consists of filled land occupied by buildings (Fosberg, 1960; Marshall et al., 2020; Plentovich et al., 2020; Stemmermann, 1981; Stone, 1970; Wagner and Grether, 1948; Willsey et al., 2019).
Submodel
Description
The Invaded State (3) was probably mangrove forest in the past, but extreme disturbance by humans, invasion by introduced species, and minimal availability of mangrove propagules has resulted in vegetation lacking or largely lacking mangroves. Competitive introduced species have established and now dominate (Fosberg, 1960; Marshall et al., 2020; Plentovich et al., 2020; Stemmermann, 1981; Stone, 1970; Wagner and Grether, 1948; Willsey et al., 2019).
Submodel
Mechanism
The Reference State (1) transitions to the Landfilled State (2) by intentional filling and altering the hydrology of the sites.
Mechanism
The Reference State (1) transitions to the Invaded State (3) with long-term, severe human disturbance such as land clearing or removal of large amounts of wood. Introduced plant species can invade these sites and maintain themselves for long periods of time.
Mechanism
The Invaded State (3) can be restored back to the Reference State (1). Mangrove forests have been restored to suitable habitats in many places in the world. Replanting mangrove trees and controlling weedy species are necessary.
Model keys
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Ecological sites
Major Land Resource Areas
The Ecosystem Dynamics Interpretive Tool is an information system framework developed by the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, and New Mexico State University.