Coastal Bluff
Scenario model
Current ecosystem state
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Management practices/drivers
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- Transition T1A More details
- Transition T1B More details
- Transition T2B More details
- Transition T2A More details
- Transition T3A More details
- Transition T3B More details
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No transition or restoration pathway between the selected states has been described
Target ecosystem state
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Submodel
Description
Structure: Coastal scrub with invaded and non-native plant species
Community phase 2.1 represents a plant community that has been susceptible to an influx of non-native species as a result of grazing. Common gorse (Ulex europaeus) and Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) are invasive species that are particularly successful at colonizing in disturbed environments. Introduced grasses such as sweet vernalgrass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), common velvetgrass (Holcus lanatus), and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) may be established for forage, and they have the potential to inhibit establishment of native bunchgrass and forbs (Ripley, 1984). Some remnant native species are likely to remain as part of this community; however, the richness and diversity of those species is likely to be reduced as non-native and invasive species increase in prominence.
Description
This state represents a full departure from the native reference state as a result of human-caused disturbances. Urban sprawl and construction of roadways will increase the susceptibility to non-native species, restrict natural disturbances, and reduce habitat.
Mechanism
This pathway represents a major disturbance from a high intensity grazing management system. This disturbance restricts establishment of most, if not all, of the existing native vegetation. This pathway also represents a transition from a native plant community to a non-native, invaded plant community. Non-native seed disbursement is introduced (intentionally or unintentionally), which alters the reference community.
Mechanism
This pathway represents a human-influenced disturbance from urban sprawl or other development or from excessive use of recreational off-road vehicles. The stabilized dunes and habitat are diminished or completely lost.
Mechanism
This pathway represent restoration of the native plant community. It is extraordinarily difficult to successfully remove non-native and invasive species once they are established. Native seed sources and extensive management and mitigation of brush and non-native species are needed to restore the community.
Mechanism
This pathway represents human-influenced disturbance from urban sprawl and other development or from road construction. The plant community is diminished or completely lost.
Mechanism
This pathway represents restoration of the native plant community and removal of artificial structures. Native seed sources and extensive management and mitigation of brush and non-native species are needed to restore the community.
Model keys
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The Ecosystem Dynamics Interpretive Tool is an information system framework developed by the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, and New Mexico State University.