Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Ecological site R010XY013OR
Booth-Geyer-Yellow Willow Riparian
Last updated: 12/13/2023
Accessed: 11/21/2024
General information
Provisional. A provisional ecological site description has undergone quality control and quality assurance review. It contains a working state and transition model and enough information to identify the ecological site.
MLRA notes
Major Land Resource Area (MLRA): 010X–Central Rocky and Blue Mountain Foothills
This MLRA is characterized by gently rolling to steep hills, plateaus, and low mountains at the foothills of the Blue Mountains in Oregon and the Central Rocky Mountains in Idaho. The geology of this area is highly varied and ranges from Holocene volcanics to Cretaceous sedimentary rocks. Mollisols are the dominant soil order and the soil climate is typified by mesic or frigid soil temperature regimes, and xeric or aridic soil moisture regimes. Elevation ranges from 1,300 to 6,600 feet (395 to 2,010 meters), increasing from west to east. The climate is characterized by dry summers and snow dominated winters with precipitation averaging 8 to 16 inches (205 to 405 millimeters) and increasing from west to east. These factors support plant communities with shrub-grass associations with considerable acreage of sagebrush grassland. Big sagebrush, bluebunch wheatgrass, and Idaho fescue are the dominant species. Stiff sagebrush, low sagebrush, and Sandberg bluegrass are often dominant on sites with shallow restrictive layers. Western juniper is one of the few common tree species and since European settlement has greatly expanded its extent in Oregon. Nearly half of the MLRA is federally owned and managed by the Bureau of Land Management. Most of the area is used for livestock grazing with areas accessible by irrigation often used for irrigated agriculture.
Classification relationships
No associated classifications or plant associations have been identified for this site.
Ecological site concept
In reference condition, this riparian site supports a plant community dominated by Booth's (Salix boothii), Geyer (Salix geyeriana) and yellow willow (Salix lutea). Occupying depositional floodplains along rivers and streams, this site has low slope angles of 0 to 3 percent, gradients of less than 0.2/100 ft and high sinuosity. The soil climate of this site is mesic near frigid. Historically, the prominence of willow would have helped to anchor and stabilize stream banks from excessive erosion. Lateral stream movement, and erosion/deposition processes would have been within a historical range of variation according to hydrologic disturbances such as floods, vegetation and channel alterations by beaver, and climate patterns that influence seasonal flows. Currently, much of this site has lost willow cover and has been invaded by meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea). Additionally, much of this site has been impacted by alterations to associated streams resulting in geomorphic changes to sinuosity, gradient and stream width to depth ratio as well as reduced stream shading and loss of native vegetation.
This is a provisional ecological site whose accelerated development from a draft site was undertaken with little to no field verification and is subject to extensive review and revision before final approval. All data herein was developed using existing information and literature and should be considered provisional and contingent upon field validation prior to use in conservation planning.
Associated sites
R010XY003OR |
Wet Meadow Wet Meadow (hydric soil, long duration seasonal water table at or near the surface, mesic to frigid near mesic soil temperature, anaerobic conditions, different composition - CAREX-DECE association) |
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R010XY004OR |
Meadow Meadow (hydric soil, shorter duration seasonal water table near the surface, mesic to frigid near mesic soil temperature, anaerobic conditions, different composition - DECE-CAREX-JUNCU association) |
R010XY005OR |
Loamy Bottom Loamy Bottom (greater depth to water table, higher terrace, mesic to frigid near mesic soil temperature, different composition – basin wildrye strongly dominant, basin big sagebrush present) |
Similar sites
R010XY012OR |
Booth-Yellow Willow Riparian Stream channel & bank position, mesic to frigid near mesic soil temperature regime, different composition– SABO2-SALU2/CAREX complex) |
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R010XY010OR |
Coyote Willow Riparian Narrowleaf willow dominant, mesic soil temperature regime |
R010XY011OR |
Cottonwood-Willow-Riparian Willow and cottonwood dominant, mesic soil temperature regime |
Table 1. Dominant plant species
Tree |
Not specified |
---|---|
Shrub |
(1) Salix boothii |
Herbaceous |
(1) Carex |
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Ecosystem states
T1A | - | Invasion of reed canarygrass and meadow foxtail |
---|---|---|
T2A | - | Improperly managed grazing during times of year when willow is most vulnerable to decline or most susceptible to overuse. Removal of willow by mechanical means. |
T2B | - | Alteration of hydrologic function |
R3A | - | Restoration of hydrologic and biotic process and function |
T3A | - | Alteration of hydrologic function |
R4A | - | Restoration of hydrologic and biotic process and function |
R4A | - | Time elapsed with adequate sediment loads and hydrologic function to support natural channel evolution processes |