The reference state is representative of the natural range of variability under pristine conditions. Community phase changes are primarily driven by natural disturbances such as long-term drought and insect attack. Wildfire is infrequent and patchy due to low fuel loading and widely spaced shrubs. Timing of disturbance combined with weather events determines plant community dynamics.
The Representative State is characterized by the presence of non-native annuals in the understory. Plant communities in this state function very similarly to the reference state, however, ecological resilience may be reduced by the presence of the non-natives. Introduced annuals such as red brome, Mediterranean grass and redstem filaree have invaded the reference plant community and have become a component of the herbaceous cover. These non-native annuals are highly flammable and promote wildfires where fires historically have been infrequent. Mature shrubs persists after this invasion by non-native annuals, however shrub seedlings and desirable grasses suffer reduced vigor and limited reproductive capability due to increased competition from non-natives.
Introduction of non-native species due to a combination of factors including; surface disturbance, changes in the kinds of animals and their grazing patterns, drought, changes in fire history or any other type of vegetation removal. Non-natives can alter disturbance regimes significantly from their natural or historic range and change ecological processes therefore creating an unlikely scenario to restore the site back to reference.
No Recovery (NR) - Non-native annuals species have become naturalized in these systems creating an unlikely scenario to restore the site back to reference.
Model keys
Briefcase
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The Ecosystem Dynamics Interpretive Tool is an information system framework developed by the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, and New Mexico State University.
) icon wherever it occurs. Drag and drop items to reorder. Cookies are used to store briefcase items between browsing sessions. Because of this, the number of items that can be added to your briefcase is limited, and briefcase items added on one device and browser cannot be accessed from another device or browser. Users who do not wish to place cookies on their devices should not use the briefcase tool. Briefcase cookies serve no other purpose than described here and are deleted whenever browsing history is cleared.
