Ecological site group DX035X01DESG02
Henry Mtns-Saline Hills & Badlands
Last updated: 09/01/2021
Accessed: 05/02/2024
Ecological site group description
Key Characteristics
- Henry Mountains
- Saline Hills & Badlands
Provisional. A provisional ecological site description has undergone quality control and quality assurance review. It contains a working state and transition model and enough information to identify the ecological site.
Physiography
This ecological site group occurs on hillslopes on mesas and structural benches, knolls and eroding shale hills, pediments, alluvial fans, and lower terraces. Run off is high to very high. Slopes typically range from 2-30% but may occasionally range to 60%. Elevations are generally 3500-6000 ft.
Climate
The climate is characterized by hot, dry summers, cold winters and moist springs. March, April and July through October are the wettest months of the year with May, June and November through February being the driest. Approximately 65 to 70% of the precipitation occurs as rain from May through October. Precipitation is extremely variable from month to month and from year to year but averages between 5-10 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 46 to 52 degrees fahrenheit. Large fluctuations in daily temperatures are typical. Much of the summer precipitation occurs as convection thunderstorms. Some years are so dry that little plant growth occurs, and some plants remain dorment.
Soil features
These soils are typically very shallow to shallow, but occasionally can be moderately deep. The soil surface layer often looks very raw and bare with physical crusts as the dominant feature. The surface color is usually light grayish to reddish brown and surface textures range from silty clays to silty clay loams. The soils are typically found over weathered shale bedrock and have 1-10% gypsum and 35-55% clay. Available water capacity is 1-3.5 inches on shallow soils and 5-7 inches on moderately deep soils. The soil moisture and temperature regimes are typic aridic and mesic respectively.
Vegetation dynamics
This ecological site group occurs on shallow to very shallow soils in Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) D35- Colorado Plateau. The general aspect of the site in the reference state is represented by a shrub layer dominated by mat saltbush with a highly variable herbaceous layer of perennial grasses, principally James galleta and Indian ricegrass.
Large gaps between plants in relic areas indicate that this site did not historically burn often enough for fire to strongly influence the ecological processes of this site. Until further research indicates otherwise, this ecological site description will not include fire as a disturbance in the reference state. Other disturbances such as brush treatments, invasive species, and OHV use, could reduce the resilience of the reference community, creating risk.
This site provides only marginal livestock grazing due to the small amount forage available and the shortage of drinking water. However, the plants present are easily accessible and relatively nutritious. Improper grazing practices can cause any grasses, and perennial forbs present to be grazed out. Improper grazing coupled with drought can also remove the mat saltbush and other shrubs. Once the native community is lost on these soils it is very difficult to get desirable vegetation back.
Halogeton and Russian thistle are most likely to invade this site. At this time, cheatgrass is not readily invading these sites likely due the chemical properties of the soil. Drought, erosion or improper grazing, in combination, can permanently alter the reference plant community.
Other natural disturbance mechanisms include fluctuations in climate, which influence the soil/water/vegetation relationships. These fluctuations can facilitate changes in production from one year to the next.
The suitability for rangeland seeding is very poor. The major limiting factors are low precipitation, salinity, sodicty, poor infiltration, shallow soils and low available water capacity.
Major Land Resource Area
MLRA 035X
Colorado Plateau
Stage
Provisional
Contributors
Victor Parslow, Keith Crossland
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Ecosystem states
T1A | - | D = Drought E = Establishment of non-native invasive species HWB = Heavy wildlife browsing ILG = Improper livestock grazing |
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T2A | - | D = Drought HWB = Heavy wildlife browsing ILG = Improper livestock grazing F = Fire SD = Surface disturbances |